The glutamate residue is highly conserved; because, it both stabilizes the semiquinone form of FAD and is a proton donor / acceptor in the reaction.
12.
The 3 products are 5'- deoxyadenosine, L-methionine, flavodoxin semiquinone, and formate C-acetyltransferase-glycin-2-yl radical.
13.
The semiquinone ( FADH ?) can be formed by either reduction of FAD or oxidation of FADH 2 by accepting or donating one electron and one proton, respectively.
14.
FAD can exist in three ( or four : flavin-N ( 5 )-oxide ) different redox states, which are the quinone, semiquinone, and hydroquinone.
15.
This facilitates a second hydrogen bond interaction between the O4 carbonyl group of ubiquinone and Ser27 of SDHC . Following the first single electron reduction step, a semiquinone radical species is formed.
16.
This facilitates a second hydrogen bond interaction between the O4 carbonyl group of ubiquinone and Ser27 of subunit C . Following the first single electron reduction step, a semiquinone radical species is formed.
17.
Where Fl ox is the oxidized flavin, Fl red H 2 the reduced flavin ( upon addition of two hydrogen atoms ) and FlH " the semiquinone form ( addition of one hydrogen atom ).
18.
In aqueous solution, flavins are yellow-coloured when oxidized, taking a red colour in the semi-reduced anionic state or blue in the neutral ( semiquinone ) state, and colourless when totally reduced.
19.
One of the potential pathways through which juglone achieves its anticancer properties is through the formation of the semiquinone radical; the semiquinone radical causes superoxide anion radicals to form which can lead to apoptosis when present in large concentrations.
20.
One of the potential pathways through which juglone achieves its anticancer properties is through the formation of the semiquinone radical; the semiquinone radical causes superoxide anion radicals to form which can lead to apoptosis when present in large concentrations.
